c8bR55">55 
+---
56 
+
57 
+On Ubuntu and other systems that use the apt package manager, you can install Geany in one line:
58 
+
59 
+    $ sudo apt-get install geany
60 
+
61 
+If this doesn't work, you can see the instructions at [http://geany.org/Download/ThirdPartyPackages/](http://geany.org/Download/ThirdPartyPackages/).
62 
+
63 
+[top](#)
64 
+
65 
+<a name='configuring_geany'></a>
66 
+### Configuring Geany
67 
+
68 
+If you use the simple command `python` to start a terminal session on your system, you shouldn't have to configure Geany at all. But if you use a command like `python3` or `python3.5`, you'll have to modify Geany slightly so it uses the correct version of Python to run your programs.
69 
+
70 
+Open an empty file and save it as *hello_world.py*. The file should have one line in it:
71 
+
72 
+    print("Hello Python world!")
73 
+
74 
+Go to **Build>Set Build Commands**. You should see the word *Compile*, and a command next to the word *Compile*. Change this to
75 
+
76 
+    python3 -m py_compile "%f"
77 
+
78 
+If you use a command like `python3.5`, make sure you use that command instead.
79 
+
80 
+Next to the word *Execute*, enter the following command:
81 
+
82 
+    python3 "%f"
83 
+
84 
+Again, if you use a command like `python3.5`, make sure you use that command.
85 
+
86 
+Now you can run programs by selecting **Build>Execute**, clicking the Execute icon with a set of gears on it, or by pressing **F5**.
87 
+
88 
+[top](#)
89 
+
90 
+
91 
+

+ 93 - 0
chapter_01/osx_setup.md
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
1 
+Setup Instructions: OS X
2 
+===
3 
+
4 
+- [Checking your current version of Python](#current_version)
5 
+- [Installing Python 3.5](#python3.5)
6 
+- [Installing Sublime Text](#installing_st)
7 
+    - [Configuring Sublime Text](#configuring_st)
8 
+
9 
+<a name='current_version'></a>Checking your current version of Python
10 
+---
11 
+
12 
+Python is probably already installed on your system. To check if it's installed, go to **Applications>Utilities** and click on **Terminal**. (You can also press command-spacebar, type *terminal*, and then press Enter.)
13 
+
14 
+Find out which version of Python is installed by issuing the command `python --version`:
15 
+
16 
+    $ python --version
17 
+    Python 2.7.5
18 
+
19 
+If you see something like this, Python 2.7 is your default version. You should also see if you have Python 3 installed:
20 
+
21 
+    $ python3 --version
22 
+    Python 3.4.0
23 
+
24 
+If you have Python 3.4 or later, it's fine to start out by using the installed version. If you have Python 3.3 or earlier, it's probably worth installing Python 3.5.
25 
+
26 
+[top](#)
27 
+
28 
+<a name='python3.5'></a>Installing Python 3.5
29 
+---
30 
+
31 
+Install [Homebrew](http://brew.sh/), which makes it easy to install the most recent version of Python. Start out by installing some of Apple's xcode tools:
32 
+
33 
+    $ xcode-select --install
34 
+
35 
+The installation may take a while, depending on the speed of your connection. Next, install Homebrew:
36 
+
37 
+    $ ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
38 
+
39 
+If you run the command **brew doctor**, you can verify that the installation was successful:
40 
+
41 
+    $ brew doctor
42 
+    Your system is ready to brew.
43 
+
44 
+Now you can install Python packages through Homebrew. To install Python 3, enter the following command:
45 
+
46 
+    $ brew install python3
47 
+
48 
+You can verify that Python 3 was installed correctly:
49 
+
50 
+    $ python3 --version
51 
+    Python 3.5.0
52 
+
53 
+You'll use the **python3** command when you configure your text editor, when you start a Python terminal session, and when you run programs from the terminal.
54 
+
55 
+[top](#)
56 
+
57 
+<a name='installing_st'></a>Installing Sublime Text
58 
+---
59 
+
60 
+You can download an installer for Sublime Text by clicking on the OS X link at [http://www.sublimetext.com/3](http://www.sublimetext.com/3). Sublime Text has a liberal licensing policy; it's free as long as you want to use it, but the author requests that you purchase a license if you like the program and want to continue using it.
61 
+
62 
+After you've downloaded the installer, open it and then drag the Sublime Text icon into your *Applications* folder.
63 
+
64 
+[top](#)
65 
+
66 
+<a name='configuring_st'></a>
67 
+### Configuring Sublime Text for Python 3
68 
+
69 
+If you use the simple command `python` to start a terminal session on your system, you shouldn't have to configure Sublime Text at all. But if you use a command like `python3` or `python3.5`, you'll have to modify Sublime Text slightly so it uses the correct version of Python to run your programs.
70 
+
71 
+Find the path to your Python interpreter:
72 
+
73 
+    $ type -a python3
74 
+    python3 is /usr/local/bin/python3
75 
+
76 
+Open an empty file in Sublime Text and save it as *hello_world.py*. The file should have one line in it:
77 
+
78 
+    print("Hello Python world!")
79 
+
80 
+Go to **Tools>Build System>New Build System**, which will open a new configuration file. Delete what you see, and enter the following:
81 
+
82 
+    {
83 
+        "cmd": ["/usr/local/bin/python3", "-u", "$file"],
84 
+    }
85 
+
86 
+This tells Sublime Text to use your system's **python3** command when running programs. Make sure you use the path you found when running **type -a python3**, not necessarily the path you see here. Save the file as *Python3.sublime-build* in the directory that Sublime Text opens when you choose Save.
87 
+
88 
+Now you can run programs by selecting **Build>Execute**, clicking the Execute icon with a set of gears on it, or by pressing **F5**.
89 
+
90 
+[top](#)
91 
+
92 
+
93 
+

+ 0 - 0
chapter_01/untitled
查看文件


+ 106 - 0
chapter_01/windows_setup.md
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
1 
+Setup Instructions: Windows
2 
+===
3 
+
4 
+- [Checking your current version of Python](#current_version)
5 
+- [Installing Python 3.5](#python3.5)
6 
+- [Adding Python to Your Path Variable](#path_variable)
7 
+- [Installing Geany](#installing_geany)
8 
+    - [Configuring Geany](#configuring_geany)
9 
+
10 
+<a name='current_version'></a>Checking your current version of Python
11 
+---
12 
+
13 
+Python may already installed on your system. Open a command window by right-clicking on the Desktop while holding the shift key, and then select "Open Command Window Here". You can also search for "command" in the task bar. Find out which version is your default by issuing the command `python --version`:
14 
+
15 
+    > python --version
16 
+    Python 2.7.6
17 
+
18 
+If you see something like this, Python 2.7 is your default version. You should also see if you have Python 3 installed:
19 
+
20 
+    > python3 --version
21 
+    Python 3.4.0
22 
+
23 
+If you have Python 3.4 or later, it's fine to start out by using the installed version. If you have Python 3.3 or earlier, it's probably worth installing Python 3.5.
24 
+
25 
+If you get an error message for both of these commands, Python is not installed on your system, and you should install Python 3.5.
26 
+
27 
+[top](#)
28 
+
29 
+<a name='python3.5'></a>Installing Python 3.5
30 
+---
31 
+
32 
+Go to [https://www.python.org/downloads/](https://www.python.org/downloads/) and click the button labeled "Download Python 3.5". Download the installer, and when you run it make sure to check the *Add Python to PATH* option:
33 
+
34 
+![Add Python to PATH box checked](figures/crash_course01-02.png)
35 
+
36 
+Checking this button ensures that you'll be able to use the simple command **python**. If you missed this step, see [Adding Python to Your Path Variable](#path_variable).
37 
+
38 
+You can confirm that the installation was successful:
39 
+
40 
+    > python --version
41 
+    Python 3.5.0
42 
+
43 
+Now to start a Python terminal session, you'll use the command `python`:
44 
+
45 
+    > python
46 
+    Python 3.5.0 (v3.5.0:374f501f4567, Sep 13 2015, 02:16:59) [MSC v.1900 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
47 
+    Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
48 
+    >>>
49 
+
50 
+You'll use this command when you configure your text editor, and when you run programs from the terminal.
51 
+
52 
+[top](#)
53 
+
54 
+<a name='path_variable'></a>Adding Python to Your Path Variable
55 
+---
56 
+If you checked *Add Python to PATH* when you installed Python and the command **python** works, you can skip this step.
57 
+
58 
+To find the path to Python on your system, open Windows Explorer and look in your C:\ drive. Look for a folder starting with *Python*; you might need to enter *python* in the Windows Explorer search bar to find the right folder. Open the folder, and look for a file with the lowercase name *python*. Right-click this file and choose **Properties**; you'll then see the path to this file under the heading Location.
59 
+
60 
+In a terminal window, use the path to confirm the version you just installed:
61 
+
62 
+    > C:\\Python35\python --version
63 
+    Python 3.5.0
64 
+
65 
+Open your system's **Control Panel**, choose **System and Security**, and then choose **System**. Click **Advanced System Settings*, and in the window that pops up click **Environment Variables**.
66 
+
67 
+In the box labeled *System variables*, look for a variable called `Path`. Click **Edit**. In the box that pops up, click in the box labeled *Variable Value* and use the right arrow key to scroll all the way to the right. Be careful not to write over the existing variable; if you do, click Cancel and try again. Add a semicolon and the path to your *python.exe* file to the existing variable:
68 
+
69 
+    %SystemRoot%\system32\...\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Python35
70 
+
71 
+Close any existing terminal windows, and open a new one. Now when you enter **python --version**, you should see the version of Python you just set in your `Path` variable. You can now start a Python terminal session by just entering **python** at a command prompt.
72 
+
73 
+<a name='installing_geany'></a>Installing Geany
74 
+---
75 
+
76 
+You can download a Windows installer for Geany from [http://www.geany.org/Download/Releases](http://www.geany.org/Download/Releases). Download and run the installer called *geany-1.25_setup.exe*, accepting all the defaults.
77 
+
78 
+[top](#)
79 
+
80 
+<a name='configuring_geany'></a>
81 
+### Configuring Geany
82 
+
83 
+If you use the simple command `python` to start a terminal session on your system, you shouldn't have to configure Geany at all. But if you use a command like `python3` or a full path like `C:\Python35\python` to start a terminal session, you'll have to modify Geany slightly so it uses the correct version of Python to run your programs.
84 
+
85 
+Open an empty file and save it as *hello_world.py*. The file should have one line in it:
86 
+
87 
+    print("Hello Python world!")
88 
+
89 
+Go to **Build>Set Build Commands**. You should see the word *Compile*, and a command next to the word *Compile*. Change this to
90 
+
91 
+    python3 -m py_compile "%f"
92 
+
93 
+You can also use a full path in this setting, such as `C:\Python35\python -m py_compile "%f"`.
94 
+
95 
+Next to the word *Execute*, enter the following command:
96 
+
97 
+    python3 "%f"
98 
+
99 
+Again, you can use a full path, such as `C:\Python35\python "%f"`.
100 
+
101 
+Now you can run programs by selecting **Build>Execute**, clicking the Execute icon with a set of gears on it, or by pressing **F5**.
102 
+
103 
+[top](#)
104 
+
105 
+
106 
+

+ 2 - 0
chapter_02/apostrophe.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
1 
+message = "One of Python's strengths is its diverse community."
2 
+print(message)

+ 4 - 0
chapter_02/birthday.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
1 
+age = 23
2 
+message = "Happy " + str(age) + "rd Birthday!"
3 
+
4 
+print(message)

+ 2 - 0
chapter_02/comment.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
1 
+# Say hello to everyone.
2 
+print("Hello Python people!")

+ 5 - 0
chapter_02/hello_world.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
1 
+message = "Hello Python world!"
2 
+print(message)
3 
+
4 
+message = "Hello Python Crash Course world!"
5 
+print(message)

+ 6 - 0
chapter_02/name.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
1 
+first_name = "ada"
2 
+last_name = "lovelace"
3 
+full_name = first_name + " " + last_name
4 
+
5 
+message = "Hello, " + full_name.title() + "!"
6 
+print(message)

+ 4 - 0
chapter_03/bicycles.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
1 
+bicycles = ['trek', 'cannondale', 'redline', 'specialized']
2 
+message = "My first bicycle was a " + bicycles[0].title() + "."
3 
+
4 
+print(message)

+ 13 - 0
chapter_03/cars.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
1 
+cars = ['bmw', 'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru']
2 
+
3 
+print("Here is the original list:")
4 
+print(cars)
5 
+
6 
+print("\nHere is the sorted list:")
7 
+print(sorted(cars))
8 
+
9 
+print("\nHere is the reverse alphabetical list:")
10 
+print(sorted(cars, reverse=True))
11 
+
12 
+print("\nHere is the original list again:")
13 
+print(cars)

+ 7 - 0
chapter_03/motorcycles.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
1 
+motorcycles = ['honda', 'yamaha', 'suzuki', 'ducati']
2 
+print(motorcycles)
3 
+
4 
+too_expensive = 'ducati'
5 
+motorcycles.remove(too_expensive)
6 
+print(motorcycles)
7 
+print("\nA " + too_expensive.title() + " is too expensive for me.")

+ 9 - 0
chapter_04/dimensions.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
1 
+dimensions = (200, 50)
2 
+print("Original dimensions:")
3 
+for dimension in dimensions:
4 
+    print(dimension)
5 
+
6 
+dimensions = (400, 100)
7 
+print("\nModified dimensions:")
8 
+for dimension in dimensions:
9 
+    print(dimension)

+ 2 - 0
chapter_04/even_numbers.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
1 
+even_numbers = list(range(2,11,2))
2 
+print(even_numbers)

+ 11 - 0
chapter_04/foods.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
1 
+my_foods = ['pizza', 'falafel', 'carrot cake']
2 
+friend_foods = my_foods[:]
3 
+
4 
+my_foods.append('cannoli')
5 
+friend_foods.append('ice cream')
6 
+
7 
+print("My favorite foods are:")
8 
+print(my_foods)
9 
+
10 
+print("\nMy friend's favorite foods are:")
11 
+print(friend_foods)

+ 6 - 0
chapter_04/magicians.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
1 
+magicians = ['alice', 'david', 'carolina']
2 
+for magician in magicians:
3 
+    print(magician.title() + ", that was a great trick!")
4 
+    print("I can't wait to see your next trick, " + magician.title() + ".\n")
5 
+
6 
+print("Thank you everyone, that was a great magic show!")

+ 2 - 0
chapter_04/numbers.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
1 
+numbers = list(range(1,6))
2 
+print(numbers)

+ 5 - 0
chapter_04/players.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
1 
+players = ['charles', 'martina', 'michael', 'florence', 'eli']
2 
+
3 
+print("Here are the first three players on my team:")
4 
+for player in players[:3]:
5 
+    print(player.title())

+ 6 - 0
chapter_04/squares.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
1 
+squares = []
2 
+for value in range(1,11):
3 
+    square = value**2
4 
+    squares.append(square)
5 
+
6 
+print(squares)

+ 12 - 0
chapter_05/amusement_park.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
1 
+age = 12
2 
+
3 
+if age < 4:
4 
+    price = 0
5 
+elif age < 18:
6 
+    price = 5
7 
+elif age < 65:
8 
+    price = 10
9 
+elif age >= 65:
10 
+    price = 5
11 
+
12 
+print("Your admission cost is $" + str(price) + ".")

+ 5 - 0
chapter_05/banned_users.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
1 
+banned_users = ['andrew', 'carolina', 'david']
2 
+user = 'marie'
3 
+
4 
+if user not in banned_users:
5 
+    print(user.title() + ", you can post a response if you wish.")

+ 7 - 0
chapter_05/cars.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
1 
+cars = ['audi', 'bmw', 'subaru', 'toyota']
2 
+
3 
+for car in cars:
4 
+    if car == 'bmw':
5 
+        print(car.upper())
6 
+    else:
7 
+        print(car.title())

+ 4 - 0
chapter_05/magic_number.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
1 
+answer = 17
2 
+
3 
+if answer != 42:
4 
+    print("That is not the correct answer. Please try again!")

+ 12 - 0
chapter_05/toppings.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
1 
+available_toppings = ['mushrooms', 'olives', 'green peppers',
2 
+                      'pepperoni', 'pineapple', 'extra cheese']
3 
+
4 
+requested_toppings = ['mushrooms', 'french fries', 'extra cheese']
5 
+
6 
+for requested_topping in requested_toppings:
7 
+    if requested_topping in available_toppings:
8 
+        print("Adding " + requested_topping + ".")
9 
+    else:
10 
+        print("Sorry, we don't have " + requested_topping + ".")
11 
+
12 
+print("\nFinished making your pizza!")

+ 7 - 0
chapter_05/voting.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
1 
+age = 17
2 
+if age >= 18:
3 
+    print("You are old enough to vote!")
4 
+    print("Have you registered to vote yet?")
5 
+else:
6 
+    print("Sorry, you are too young to vote.")
7 
+    print("Please register to vote as soon as you turn 18!")

+ 17 - 0
chapter_06/alien.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
1 
+alien_0 = {'x_position': 0, 'y_position': 25, 'speed': 'medium'}
2 
+print("Original position: " + str(alien_0['x_position']))
3 
+
4 
+# Move the alien to the right.
5 
+# Figure out how far to move the alien based on its speed.
6 
+if alien_0['speed'] == 'slow':
7 
+    x_increment = 1
8 
+elif alien_0['speed'] == 'medium':
9 
+    x_increment = 2
10 
+else:
11 
+    # This must be a fast alien.
12 
+    x_increment = 3
13 
+
14 
+# The new position is the old position plus the increment.
15 
+alien_0['x_position'] = alien_0['x_position'] + x_increment
16 
+
17 
+print("New position: " + str(alien_0['x_position']))

+ 22 - 0
chapter_06/aliens.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
1 
+# Make an empty list for storing aliens.
2 
+aliens = []
3 
+
4 
+# Make 30 green aliens.
5 
+for alien_number in range (0,30):
6 
+    new_alien = {'color': 'green', 'points': 5, 'speed': 'slow'}
7 
+    aliens.append(new_alien)
8 
+
9 
+for alien in aliens[0:3]:
10 
+    if alien['color'] == 'green':
11 
+        alien['color'] = 'yellow'
12 
+        alien['speed'] = 'medium'
13 
+        alien['points'] = 10
14 
+    elif alien['color'] == 'yellow':
15 
+        alien['color'] = 'red'
16 
+        alien['speed'] = 'fast'
17 
+        alien['points'] = 15
18 
+
19 
+# Show the first 5 aliens:
20 
+for alien in aliens[0:5]:
21 
+    print(alien)
22 
+print("...")

+ 10 - 0
chapter_06/favorite_languages.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
1 
+favorite_languages = {
2 
+    'jen': 'python',
3 
+    'sarah': 'c',
4 
+    'edward': 'ruby',
5 
+    'phil': 'python',
6 
+    }
7 
+
8 
+for name, language in favorite_languages.items():
9 
+    print(name.title() + "'s favorite language is " +
10 
+        language.title() + ".")

+ 15 - 0
chapter_06/many_users.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
1 
+users = {'aeinstein': {'first': 'albert',
2 
+                       'last': 'einstein',
3 
+                       'location': 'princeton'},
4 
+         'mcurie': {'first': 'marie',
5 
+                    'last': 'curie',
6 
+                    'location': 'paris'},
7 
+         }
8 
+
9 
+for username, user_info in users.items():
10 
+    print("\nUsername: " + username)
11 
+    full_name = user_info['first'] + " " + user_info['last']
12 
+    location = user_info['location']
13 
+
14 
+    print("\tFull name: " + full_name.title())
15 
+    print("\tLocation: " + location.title())

+ 12 - 0
chapter_06/pizza.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
1 
+# Store information about a pizza being ordered.
2 
+pizza = {
3 
+    'crust': 'thick',
4 
+    'toppings': ['mushrooms', 'extra cheese'],
5 
+    }
6 
+
7 
+# Summarize the order.
8 
+print("You ordered a " + pizza['crust'] + "-crust pizza " +
9 
+      "with the following toppings:")
10 
+
11 
+for topping in pizza['toppings']:
12 
+    print("\t" + topping)

+ 8 - 0
chapter_06/user.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
1 
+user_0 = {'username': 'efermi',
2 
+          'first': 'enrico',
3 
+          'last': 'fermi',
4 
+          }
5 
+
6 
+for key, value in user_0.items():
7 
+    print("\nKey: " + key)
8 
+    print("Value: " + value)

+ 10 - 0
chapter_07/cities.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
1 
+prompt = "\nPlease tell me a city you have visited:"
2 
+prompt += "\n(Enter 'quit' when you are finished.) "
3 
+
4 
+while True:
5 
+    city = input(prompt)
6 
+
7 
+    if city == 'quit':
8 
+        break
9 
+    else:
10 
+        print("I'd love to go to " + city.title() + "!")

+ 17 - 0
chapter_07/confirmed_users.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
1 
+# Start out with some users that need to be verified,
2 
+#  and an empty list to hold confirmed users.
3 
+unconfirmed_users = ['alice', 'brian', 'candace']
4 
+confirmed_users = []
5 
+
6 
+# Verify each user, until there are no more unconfirmed users.
7 
+#  Move each verified user into the list of confirmed users.
8 
+while unconfirmed_users:
9 
+    current_user = unconfirmed_users.pop()
10 
+
11 
+    print("Verifying user: " + current_user.title())
12 
+    confirmed_users.append(current_user)
13 
+
14 
+# Display all confirmed users.
15 
+print("\nThe following users have been confirmed:")
16 
+for confirmed_user in confirmed_users:
17 
+    print(confirmed_user.title())

+ 4 - 0
chapter_07/counting.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
1 
+current_number = 1
2 
+while current_number <= 5:
3 
+    print(current_number)
4 
+    current_number += 1

+ 7 - 0
chapter_07/even_or_odd.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
1 
+number = input("Enter a number, and I'll tell you if it's even or odd: ")
2 
+number = int(number)
3 
+
4 
+if number % 2 == 0:
5 
+    print("\nThe number " + str(number) + " is even.")
6 
+else:
7 
+    print("\nThe number " + str(number) + " is odd.")

+ 5 - 0
chapter_07/greeter.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
1 
+prompt = "If you tell us who you are, we can personalize the messages you see."
2 
+prompt += "\nWhat is your first name? "
3 
+
4 
+name = input(prompt)
5 
+print("\nHello, " + name + "!")

+ 22 - 0
chapter_07/mountain_poll.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
1 
+responses = {}
2 
+
3 
+# Set a flag to indicate that polling is active.
4 
+polling_active = True
5 
+
6 
+while polling_active:
7 
+    # Prompt for the person's name and response.
8 
+    name = input("\nWhat is your name? ")
9 
+    response = input("Which mountain would you like to climb someday? ")
10 
+
11 
+    # Store the response in the dictionary:
12 
+    responses[name] = response
13 
+
14 
+    # Find out if anyone else is going to take the poll.
15 
+    repeat = input("Would you like to let another person respond? (yes/ no) ")
16 
+    if repeat == 'no':
17 
+        polling_active = False
18 
+
19 
+# Polling is complete. Show the results.
20 
+print("\n--- Poll Results ---")
21 
+for name, response in responses.items():
22 
+    print(name + " would like to climb " + response + ".")

+ 11 - 0
chapter_07/parrot.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
1 
+prompt = "\nTell me something, and I will repeat it back to you:"
2 
+prompt += "\nEnter 'quit' to end the program. "
3 
+
4 
+active = True
5 
+while active:
6 
+    message = input(prompt)
7 
+
8 
+    if message == 'quit':
9 
+        active = False
10 
+    else:
11 
+        print(message)

+ 7 - 0
chapter_07/pets.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
1 
+pets = ['dog', 'cat', 'dog', 'goldfish', 'cat', 'rabbit', 'cat']
2 
+print(pets)
3 
+
4 
+while 'cat' in pets:
5 
+    pets.remove('cat')
6 
+
7 
+print(pets)

+ 7 - 0
chapter_07/rollercoaster.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
1 
+height = input("How tall are you, in inches? ")
2 
+height = int(height)
3 
+
4 
+if height >= 36:
5 
+    print("\nYou're tall enough to ride!")
6 
+else:
7 
+    print("\nYou'll be able to ride when you're a little older.")

+ 13 - 0
chapter_08/formatted_name.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
1 
+def get_formatted_name(first_name, last_name, middle_name=''):
2 
+    """Return a full name, neatly formatted."""
3 
+    if middle_name:
4 
+        full_name = first_name + ' ' +  middle_name + ' ' + last_name
5 
+    else:
6 
+        full_name = first_name + ' ' + last_name
7 
+    return full_name.title()
8 
+
9 
+musician = get_formatted_name('jimi', 'hendrix')
10 
+print(musician)
11 
+
12 
+musician = get_formatted_name('john', 'hooker', 'lee')
13 
+print(musician)

+ 8 - 0
chapter_08/greet_users.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
1 
+def greet_users(names):
2 
+    """Print a simple greeting to each user in the list."""
3 
+    for name in names:
4 
+        msg = "Hello, " + name.title() + "!"
5 
+        print(msg)
6 
+
7 
+usernames = ['hannah', 'ty', 'margot']
8 
+greet_users(usernames)

+ 5 - 0
chapter_08/greeter.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
1 
+def greet_user(username):
2 
+    """Display a simple greeting."""
3 
+    print("Hello, " + username.title() + "!")
4 
+
5 
+greet_user('jesse')

+ 4 - 0
chapter_08/making_pizzas.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
1 
+import pizza as p
2 
+
3 
+p.make_pizza(16, 'pepperoni')
4 
+p.make_pizza(12, 'mushrooms', 'green peppers', 'extra cheese')

+ 9 - 0
chapter_08/person.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
1 
+def build_person(first_name, last_name, age=''):
2 
+    """Return a dictionary of information about a person."""
3 
+    person = {'first': first_name, 'last': last_name}
4 
+    if age:
5 
+        person['age'] = age
6 
+    return person
7 
+
8 
+musician = build_person('jimi', 'hendrix', age=27)
9 
+print(musician)

+ 13 - 0
chapter_08/pets.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
1 
+def describe_pet(pet_name, animal_type='dog'):
2 
+    """Display information about a pet."""
3 
+    print("\nI have a " + animal_type + ".")
4 
+    print("My " + animal_type + "'s name is " + pet_name.title() + ".")
5 
+
6 
+# A dog named Willie.
7 
+describe_pet('willie')
8 
+describe_pet(pet_name='willie')
9 
+
10 
+# A hamster named Harry.
11 
+describe_pet('harry', 'hamster')
12 
+describe_pet(pet_name='harry', animal_type='hamster')
13 
+describe_pet(animal_type='hamster', pet_name='harry')

+ 9 - 0
chapter_08/pizza.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
1 
+def make_pizza(size, *toppings):
2 
+    """Summarize the pizza we are about to make."""
3 
+    print("\nMaking a " + str(size) +
4 
+          "-inch pizza with the following toppings:")
5 
+    for topping in toppings:
6 
+        print("- " + topping)
7 
+
8 
+make_pizza(16, 'pepperoni')
9 
+make_pizza(12, 'mushrooms', 'green peppers', 'extra cheese')

+ 24 - 0
chapter_08/printing_models.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
1 
+def print_models(unprinted_designs, completed_models):
2 
+    """
3 
+    Simulate printing each design, until there are none left.
4 
+    Move each design to completed_models after printing.
5 
+    """
6 
+    while unprinted_designs:
7 
+        current_design = unprinted_designs.pop()
8 
+
9 
+        # Simulate creating a 3d print from the design.
10 
+        print("Printing model: " + current_design)
11 
+        completed_models.append(current_design)
12 
+
13 
+def show_completed_models(completed_models):
14 
+    """Show all the models that were printed."""
15 
+    print("\nThe following models have been printed:")
16 
+    for completed_model in completed_models:
17 
+        print(completed_model)
18 
+
19 
+
20 
+unprinted_designs = ['iphone case', 'robot pendant', 'dodecahedron']
21 
+completed_models = []
22 
+
23 
+print_models(unprinted_designs, completed_models)
24 
+show_completed_models(completed_models)

+ 13 - 0
chapter_08/user_profile.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
1 
+def build_profile(first, last, **user_info):
2 
+    """Build a dictionary containing everything we know about a user."""
3 
+    profile = {}
4 
+    profile['first_name'] = first
5 
+    profile['last_name'] = last
6 
+    for key, value in user_info.items():
7 
+        profile[key] = value
8 
+    return profile
9 
+
10 
+user_profile = build_profile('albert', 'einstein',
11 
+                             location='princeton',
12 
+                             field='physics')
13 
+print(user_profile)

+ 34 - 0
chapter_09/car.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
1 
+"""A class that can be used to represent a car."""
2 
+
3 
+class Car():
4 
+    """A simple attempt to represent a car."""
5 
+
6 
+    def __init__(self, manufacturer, model, year):
7 
+        """Initialize attributes to describe a car."""
8 
+        self.manufacturer = manufacturer
9 
+        self.model = model
10 
+        self.year = year
11 
+        self.odometer_reading = 0
12 
+
13 
+    def get_descriptive_name(self):
14 
+        """Return a neatly formatted descriptive name."""
15 
+        long_name = str(self.year) + ' ' + self.manufacturer + ' ' + self.model
16 
+        return long_name.title()
17 
+
18 
+    def read_odometer(self):
19 
+        """Print a statement showing the car's mileage."""
20 
+        print("This car has " + str(self.odometer_reading) + " miles on it.")
21 
+
22 
+    def update_odometer(self, mileage):
23 
+        """
24 
+        Set the odometer reading to the given value.
25 
+        Reject the change if it attempts to roll the odometer back.
26 
+        """
27 
+        if mileage >= self.odometer_reading:
28 
+            self.odometer_reading = mileage
29 
+        else:
30 
+            print("You can't roll back an odometer!")
31 
+
32 
+    def increment_odometer(self, miles):
33 
+        """Add the given amount to the odometer reading."""
34 
+        self.odometer_reading += miles

+ 27 - 0
chapter_09/dog.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
1 
+class Dog():
2 
+    """A simple attempt to model a dog."""
3 
+
4 
+    def __init__(self, name, age):
5 
+        """Initialize name and age attributes."""
6 
+        self.name = name
7 
+        self.age = age
8 
+
9 
+    def sit(self):
10 
+        """Simulate a dog sitting in response to a command."""
11 
+        print(self.name.title() + " is now sitting.")
12 
+
13 
+    def roll_over(self):
14 
+        """Simulate rolling over in response to a command."""
15 
+        print(self.name.title() + " rolled over!")
16 
+
17 
+
18 
+my_dog = Dog('willie', 6)
19 
+your_dog = Dog('lucy', 3)
20 
+
21 
+print("My dog's name is " + my_dog.name.title() + ".")
22 
+print("My dog is " + str(my_dog.age) + " years old.")
23 
+my_dog.sit()
24 
+
25 
+print("\nMy dog's name is " + your_dog.name.title() + ".")
26 
+print("My dog is " + str(your_dog.age) + " years old.")
27 
+your_dog.sit()

+ 37 - 0
chapter_09/electric_car.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
1 
+"""A set of classes that can be used to represent electric cars."""
2 
+
3 
+from car import Car
4 
+
5 
+class Battery():
6 
+    """A simple attempt to model a battery for an electric car."""
7 
+
8 
+    def __init__(self, battery_size=60):
9 
+        """Initialize the batteery's attributes."""
10 
+        self.battery_size = battery_size
11 
+
12 
+    def describe_battery(self):
13 
+        """Print a statement describing the battery size."""
14 
+        print("This car has a " + str(self.battery_size) + "-kWh battery.")
15 
+
16 
+    def get_range(self):
17 
+        """Print a statement about the range this battery provides."""
18 
+        if self.battery_size == 60:
19 
+            range = 140
20 
+        elif self.battery_size == 85:
21 
+            range = 185
22 
+
23 
+        message = "This car can go approximately " + str(range)
24 
+        message += " miles on a full charge."
25 
+        print(message)
26 
+
27 
+
28 
+class ElectricCar(Car):
29 
+    """Models aspects of a car, specific to electric vehicles."""
30 
+
31 
+    def __init__(self, manufacturer, model, year):
32 
+        """
33 
+        Initialize attributes of the parent class.
34 
+        Then initialize attributes specific to an electric car.
35 
+        """
36 
+        super().__init__(manufacturer, model, year)
37 
+        self.battery = Battery()

+ 12 - 0
chapter_09/favorite_languages.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
1 
+from collections import OrderedDict
2 
+
3 
+favorite_languages = OrderedDict()
4 
+
5 
+favorite_languages['jen'] = 'python'
6 
+favorite_languages['sarah'] = 'c'
7 
+favorite_languages['edward'] = 'ruby'
8 
+favorite_languages['phil'] = 'python'
9 
+
10 
+for name, language in favorite_languages.items():
11 
+    print(name.title() + "'s favorite language is " +
12 
+        language.title() + ".")

+ 7 - 0
chapter_09/my_car.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
1 
+from car import Car
2 
+
3 
+my_new_car = Car('audi', 'a4', 2015)
4 
+print(my_new_car.get_descriptive_name())
5 
+
6 
+my_new_car.odometer_reading = 23
7 
+my_new_car.read_odometer()

+ 8 - 0
chapter_09/my_cars.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
1 
+from car import Car
2 
+from electric_car import ElectricCar
3 
+
4 
+my_beetle = Car('volkswagen', 'beetle', 2015)
5 
+print(my_beetle.get_descriptive_name())
6 
+
7 
+my_tesla = ElectricCar('tesla', 'roadster', 2015)
8 
+print(my_tesla.get_descriptive_name())

+ 13 - 0
chapter_10/alice.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
1 
+filename = 'alice.txt'
2 
+
3 
+try:
4 
+    with open(filename, encoding='utf-8') as f_obj:
5 
+        contents = f_obj.read()
6 
+except FileNotFoundError as e:
7 
+    msg = "Sorry, the file " + filename + " does not exist."
8 
+    print(msg)
9 
+else:
10 
+    # Count the approximate number of words in the file.
11 
+    words = contents.split()
12 
+    num_words = len(words)
13 
+    print("The file " + filename + " has about " + str(num_words) + " words.")

文件差异内容过多而无法显示
+ 3735 - 0
chapter_10/alice.txt


+ 14 - 0
chapter_10/division.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
1 
+print("Give me two numbers, and I'll divide them.")
2 
+print("Enter 'q' to quit.")
3 
+
4 
+while True:
5 
+    first_number = input("\nFirst number: ")
6 
+    if first_number == 'q':
7 
+        break
8 
+    second_number = input("Second number: ")
9 
+    try:
10 
+        answer = int(first_number) / int(second_number)
11 
+    except ZeroDivisionError:
12 
+        print("You can't divide by 0!")
13 
+    else:
14 
+        print(answer)

+ 7 - 0
chapter_10/file_reader.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
1 
+filename = 'pi_digits.txt'
2 
+
3 
+with open(filename) as file_object:
4 
+    lines = file_object.readlines()
5 
+
6 
+for line in lines:
7 
+    print(line.rstrip())

+ 7 - 0
chapter_10/greet_user.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
1 
+import json
2 
+
3 
+filename = 'username.json'
4 
+
5 
+with open(filename) as f_obj:
6 
+    username = json.load(f_obj)
7 
+    print("Welcome back, " + username + "!")

文件差异内容过多而无法显示
+ 21022 - 0
chapter_10/little_women.txt


文件差异内容过多而无法显示
+ 22108 - 0
chapter_10/moby_dick.txt


+ 7 - 0
chapter_10/number_reader.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
1 
+import json
2 
+
3 
+filename = 'numbers.json'
4 
+with open(filename) as file_object:
5 
+    numbers = json.load(file_object)
6 
+
7 
+print(numbers)

+ 7 - 0
chapter_10/number_writer.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
1 
+import json
2 
+
3 
+numbers = [2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13]
4 
+
5 
+filename = 'numbers.json'
6 
+with open(filename, 'w') as file_object:
7 
+    json.dump(numbers, file_object)

+ 1 - 0
chapter_10/numbers.json
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
1 
+[2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13]

+ 3 - 0
chapter_10/pi_30_digits.txt
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
1 
+3.1415926535
2 
+  8979323846
3 
+  2643383279

+ 3 - 0
chapter_10/pi_digits.txt
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
1 
+3.1415926535
2 
+  8979323846
3 
+  2643383279

文件差异内容过多而无法显示
+ 10000 - 0
chapter_10/pi_million_digits.txt


+ 14 - 0
chapter_10/pi_string.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
1 
+filename = 'pi_million_digits.txt'
2 
+
3 
+with open(filename) as file_object:
4 
+    lines = file_object.readlines()
5 
+
6 
+pi_string = ''
7 
+for line in lines:
8 
+    pi_string += line.rstrip()
9 
+
10 
+birthday = input("Enter your birthday, in the form mmddyy: ")
11 
+if birthday in pi_string:
12 
+    print("Your birthday appears in the first million digits of pi!")
13 
+else:
14 
+    print("Your birthday does not appear in the first million digits of pi.")

+ 4 - 0
chapter_10/programming.txt
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
1 
+I love programming.
2 
+I love creating new games.
3 
+I also love finding meaning in large datasets.
4 
+I love creating apps that can run in a browser.

+ 31 - 0
chapter_10/remember_me.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
1 
+import json
2 
+
3 
+def get_stored_username():
4 
+    """Get stored username if available."""
5 
+    filename = 'username.json'
6 
+    try:
7 
+        with open(filename) as f_obj:
8 
+            username = json.load(f_obj)
9 
+    except FileNotFoundError:
10 
+        return None
11 
+    else:
12 
+        return username
13 
+
14 
+def get_new_username():
15 
+    """Prompt for a new username."""
16 
+    username = input("What is your name? ")
17 
+    filename = 'username.json'
18 
+    with open(filename, 'w') as f_obj:
19 
+        json.dump(username, f_obj)
20 
+    return username
21 
+
22 
+def greet_user():
23 
+    """Greet the user by name."""
24 
+    username = get_stored_username()
25 
+    if username:
26 
+        print("Welcome back, " + username + "!")
27 
+    else:
28 
+        username = get_new_username()
29 
+        print("We'll remember you when you come back, " + username + "!")
30 
+
31 
+greet_user()

文件差异内容过多而无法显示
+ 4319 - 0
chapter_10/siddhartha.txt


+ 16 - 0
chapter_10/word_count.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
1 
+def count_words(filename):
2 
+    """Count the approximate number of words in a file."""
3 
+    try:
4 
+        with open(filename, encoding='utf-8') as f_obj:
5 
+            contents = f_obj.read()
6 
+    except FileNotFoundError:
7 
+        pass
8 
+    else:
9 
+        # Count approximate number of words in the file.
10 
+        words = contents.split()
11 
+        num_words = len(words)
12 
+        print("The file " + filename + " has about " + str(num_words) + " words.")
13 
+
14 
+filenames = ['alice.txt', 'siddhartha.txt', 'moby_dick.txt', 'little_women.txt']
15 
+for filename in filenames:
16 
+    count_words(filename)

+ 5 - 0
chapter_10/write_message.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
1 
+filename = 'programming.txt'
2 
+
3 
+with open(filename, 'a') as file_object:
4 
+    file_object.write("I also love finding meaning in large datasets.\n")
5 
+    file_object.write("I love creating apps that can run in a browser.\n")

+ 18 - 0
chapter_11/language_survey.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
1 
+from survey import AnonymousSurvey
2 
+
3 
+# Define a question, and make a survey object.
4 
+question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
5 
+my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
6 
+
7 
+# Show the question, and store responses to the question.
8 
+my_survey.show_question()
9 
+print("Enter 'q' at any time to quit.\n")
10 
+while True:
11 
+    response = input("Language: ")
12 
+    if response == 'q':
13 
+        break
14 
+    my_survey.store_response(response)
15 
+
16 
+# Show the survey results.
17 
+print("\nThank you to everyone who participated in the survey!")
18 
+my_survey.show_results()

+ 7 - 0
chapter_11/name_function.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
1 
+def get_formatted_name(first, last, middle=''):
2 
+    """Generate a neatly-formatted full name."""
3 
+    if middle:
4 
+        full_name = first + ' ' + middle + ' ' + last
5 
+    else:
6 
+        full_name = first + ' ' + last
7 
+    return full_name.title()

+ 14 - 0
chapter_11/names.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
1 
+from name_function import get_formatted_name
2 
+
3 
+print("Enter 'q' at any time to quit.")
4 
+while True:
5 
+    first = input("\nPlease give me a first name: ")
6 
+    if first == 'q':
7 
+        break
8 
+
9 
+    last = input("Please give me a last name: ")
10 
+    if last == 'q':
11 
+        break
12 
+
13 
+    formatted_name = get_formatted_name(first, last)
14 
+    print("\tNeatly formatted name: " + formatted_name + '.')

+ 21 - 0
chapter_11/survey.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
1 
+class AnonymousSurvey():
2 
+    """Collect anonymous answers to a survey question."""
3 
+
4 
+    def __init__(self, question):
5 
+        """Store a question, and prepare to store responses."""
6 
+        self.question = question
7 
+        self.responses = []
8 
+
9 
+    def show_question(self):
10 
+        """Show the survey question."""
11 
+        print(self.question)
12 
+
13 
+    def store_response(self, new_response):
14 
+        """Store a single response to the survey."""
15 
+        self.responses.append(new_response)
16 
+
17 
+    def show_results(self):
18 
+        """Show all the responses that have been given."""
19 
+        print("Survey results:")
20 
+        for response in self.responses:
21 
+            print('- ' + response)

+ 17 - 0
chapter_11/test_name_function.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
1 
+import unittest
2 
+from name_function import get_formatted_name
3 
+
4 
+class NamesTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
5 
+    """Tests for 'name_function.py'."""
6 
+
7 
+    def test_first_last_name(self):
8 
+        formatted_name = get_formatted_name('janis', 'joplin')
9 
+        self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'Janis Joplin')
10 
+
11 
+    def test_first_last_middle_name(self):
12 
+        formatted_name = get_formatted_name(
13 
+            'wolfgang', 'mozart', 'amadeus')
14 
+        self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart')
15 
+
16 
+
17 
+unittest.main()

+ 30 - 0
chapter_11/test_survey.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
1 
+import unittest
2 
+from survey import AnonymousSurvey
3 
+
4 
+class TestAnonymousSurvey(unittest.TestCase):
5 
+    """Tests for the class AnonymousSurvey."""
6 
+
7 
+    def setUp(self):
8 
+        """
9 
+        Create a survey and a set of responses for use in all test methods.
10 
+        """
11 
+        question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
12 
+        self.my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
13 
+        self.responses = ['English', 'Spanish', 'Mandarin']
14 
+
15 
+
16 
+    def test_store_single_response(self):
17 
+        """Test that a single response is stored properly."""
18 
+        self.my_survey.store_response(self.responses[0])
19 
+        self.assertIn(self.responses[0], self.my_survey.responses)
20 
+
21 
+
22 
+    def test_store_three_responses(self):
23 
+        """Test that three individual responses are stored properly."""
24 
+        for response in self.responses:
25 
+            self.my_survey.store_response(response)
26 
+        for response in self.responses:
27 
+            self.assertIn(response, self.my_survey.responses)
28 
+
29 
+
30 
+unittest.main()

文件差异内容过多而无法显示
+ 114 - 0
chapter_12/README.md


+ 31 - 0
chapter_12/alien_invasion.py
查看文件 

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
1 
+import pygame
2 
+from pygame.sprite import Group
3 
+
4 
+from settings import Settings
5 
+from ship import Ship
6 
+import game_functions as gf
7 
+
8 
+def run_game():
9 
+    # Initialize pygame, settings, and screen object.
10 
+    pygame.init()
11 
+    ai_settings = Settings()
12 
+    screen = pygame.display.set_mode(
13 
+        (ai_settings.screen_width, ai_settings.screen_height))
14 
+    pygame.display.set_caption("Alien Invasion")
15 
+
16 
+    # Set the background color.
17 
+    bg_color = (230, 230, 230)
18 
+
19 
+    # Make a ship.
20 
+    ship = Ship(ai_settings, screen)
21 
+    # Make a group to store bullets in.
22 
+    bullets = Group()
23 
+
24 
+    # Start the main loop for the game.
25 
+    while True:
26 
+        gf.check_events(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets)
27 
+        ship.update()
28 
+        gf.update_bullets(bullets)
29 
+        gf.update_screen(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets)
30 
+
31 
+run_game()

+ 0 - 0
chapter_12/bullet.py
查看文件


部分文件因为文件数量过多而无法显示

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README.md

jQuery — New Wave JavaScript

FOSSA Status

Gitter

Contribution Guides

In the spirit of open source software development, jQuery always encourages community code contribution. To help you get started and before you jump into writing code, be sure to read these important contribution guidelines thoroughly:

  1. Getting Involved
  2. Core Style Guide
  3. Writing Code for jQuery Foundation Projects

Environments in which to use jQuery

  • Browser support
  • jQuery also supports Node, browser extensions, and other non-browser environments.

What you need to build your own jQuery

To build jQuery, you need to have the latest Node.js/npm and git 1.7 or later. Earlier versions might work, but are not supported.

For Windows, you have to download and install git and Node.js.

OS X users should install Homebrew. Once Homebrew is installed, run brew install git to install git, and brew install node to install Node.js.

Linux/BSD users should use their appropriate package managers to install git and Node.js, or build from source if you swing that way. Easy-peasy.

How to build your own jQuery

Clone a copy of the main jQuery git repo by running:

git clone git://github.com/jquery/jquery.git

Enter the jquery directory and run the build script:

cd jquery && npm run build

The built version of jQuery will be put in the dist/ subdirectory, along with the minified copy and associated map file.

If you want to create custom build or help with jQuery development, it would be better to install grunt command line interface as a global package:

npm install -g grunt-cli

Make sure you have grunt installed by testing:

grunt -V

Now by running the grunt command, in the jquery directory, you can build a full version of jQuery, just like with an npm run build command:

grunt

There are many other tasks available for jQuery Core:

grunt -help

Modules

Special builds can be created that exclude subsets of jQuery functionality. This allows for smaller custom builds when the builder is certain that those parts of jQuery are not being used. For example, an app that only used JSONP for $.ajax() and did not need to calculate offsets or positions of elements could exclude the offset and ajax/xhr modules.

Any module may be excluded except for core, and selector. To exclude a module, pass its path relative to the src folder (without the .js extension).

Some example modules that can be excluded are:

  • ajax: All AJAX functionality: $.ajax(), $.get(), $.post(), $.ajaxSetup(), .load(), transports, and ajax event shorthands such as .ajaxStart().
  • ajax/xhr: The XMLHTTPRequest AJAX transport only.
  • ajax/script: The <script> AJAX transport only; used to retrieve scripts.
  • ajax/jsonp: The JSONP AJAX transport only; depends on the ajax/script transport.
  • css: The .css() method. Also removes all modules depending on css (including effects, dimensions, and offset).
  • css/showHide: Non-animated .show(), .hide() and .toggle(); can be excluded if you use classes or explicit .css() calls to set the display property. Also removes the effects module.
  • deprecated: Methods documented as deprecated but not yet removed.
  • dimensions: The .width() and .height() methods, including inner- and outer- variations.
  • effects: The .animate() method and its shorthands such as .slideUp() or .hide("slow").
  • event: The .on() and .off() methods and all event functionality.
  • event/focusin: Cross-browser support for the focusin and focusout events.
  • event/trigger: The .trigger() and .triggerHandler() methods.
  • offset: The .offset(), .position(), .offsetParent(), .scrollLeft(), and .scrollTop() methods.
  • wrap: The .wrap(), .wrapAll(), .wrapInner(), and .unwrap() methods.
  • core/ready: Exclude the ready module if you place your scripts at the end of the body. Any ready callbacks bound with jQuery() will simply be called immediately. However, jQuery(document).ready() will not be a function and .on("ready", ...) or similar will not be triggered.
  • deferred: Exclude jQuery.Deferred. This also removes jQuery.Callbacks. Note that modules that depend on jQuery.Deferred(AJAX, effects, core/ready) will not be removed and will still expect jQuery.Deferred to be there. Include your own jQuery.Deferred implementation or exclude those modules as well (grunt custom:-deferred,-ajax,-effects,-core/ready).
  • exports/global: Exclude the attachment of global jQuery variables ($ and jQuery) to the window.
  • exports/amd: Exclude the AMD definition.

As a special case, you may also replace Sizzle by using a special flag grunt custom:-sizzle.

  • sizzle: The Sizzle selector engine. When this module is excluded, it is replaced by a rudimentary selector engine based on the browser's querySelectorAll method that does not support jQuery selector extensions or enhanced semantics. See the selector-native.js file for details.

Note: Excluding Sizzle will also exclude all jQuery selector extensions (such as effects/animatedSelector and css/hiddenVisibleSelectors).

The build process shows a message for each dependent module it excludes or includes.

AMD name

As an option, you can set the module name for jQuery's AMD definition. By default, it is set to "jquery", which plays nicely with plugins and third-party libraries, but there may be cases where you'd like to change this. Simply set the "amd" option:

grunt custom --amd="custom-name"

Or, to define anonymously, set the name to an empty string.

grunt custom --amd=""

Custom Build Examples

To create a custom build, first check out the version:

git pull; git checkout VERSION

Where VERSION is the version you want to customize. Then, make sure all Node dependencies are installed:

npm install

Create the custom build using the grunt custom option, listing the modules to be excluded.

Exclude all ajax functionality:

grunt custom:-ajax

Excluding css removes modules depending on CSS: effects, offset, dimensions.

grunt custom:-css

Exclude a bunch of modules:

grunt custom:-ajax/jsonp,-css,-deprecated,-dimensions,-effects,-offset,-wrap

There is also a special alias to generate a build with the same configuration as the official jQuery Slim build is generated:

grunt custom:slim

For questions or requests regarding custom builds, please start a thread on the Developing jQuery Core section of the forum. Due to the combinatorics and custom nature of these builds, they are not regularly tested in jQuery's unit test process. The non-Sizzle selector engine currently does not pass unit tests because it is missing too much essential functionality.

Running the Unit Tests

Make sure you have the necessary dependencies:

npm install

Start grunt watch or npm start to auto-build jQuery as you work:

grunt watch

Run the unit tests with a local server that supports PHP. Ensure that you run the site from the root directory, not the "test" directory. No database is required. Pre-configured php local servers are available for Windows and Mac. Here are some options:

Building to a different directory

To copy the built jQuery files from /dist to another directory:

grunt && grunt dist:/path/to/special/location/

With this example, the output files would be:

/path/to/special/location/jquery.js
/path/to/special/location/jquery.min.js

To add a permanent copy destination, create a file in dist/ called ".destination.json". Inside the file, paste and customize the following:


{
  "/Absolute/path/to/other/destination": true
}

Additionally, both methods can be combined.

Essential Git

As the source code is handled by the Git version control system, it's useful to know some features used.

Cleaning

If you want to purge your working directory back to the status of upstream, the following commands can be used (remember everything you've worked on is gone after these):

git reset --hard upstream/main
git clean -fdx

Rebasing

For feature/topic branches, you should always use the --rebase flag to git pull, or if you are usually handling many temporary "to be in a github pull request" branches, run the following to automate this:

git config branch.autosetuprebase local

(see man git-config for more information)

Handling merge conflicts

If you're getting merge conflicts when merging, instead of editing the conflicted files manually, you can use the feature git mergetool. Even though the default tool xxdiff looks awful/old, it's rather useful.

The following are some commands that can be used there:

  • Ctrl + Alt + M - automerge as much as possible
  • b - jump to next merge conflict
  • s - change the order of the conflicted lines
  • u - undo a merge
  • left mouse button - mark a block to be the winner
  • middle mouse button - mark a line to be the winner
  • Ctrl + S - save
  • Ctrl + Q - quit

QUnit Reference

Test methods

expect( numAssertions );
stop();
start();

Note: QUnit's eventual addition of an argument to stop/start is ignored in this test suite so that start and stop can be passed as callbacks without worrying about their parameters.

Test assertions

ok( value, [message] );
equal( actual, expected, [message] );
notEqual( actual, expected, [message] );
deepEqual( actual, expected, [message] );
notDeepEqual( actual, expected, [message] );
strictEqual( actual, expected, [message] );
notStrictEqual( actual, expected, [message] );
throws( block, [expected], [message] );

Test Suite Convenience Methods Reference (See test/data/testinit.js)

Returns an array of elements with the given IDs

q( ... );

Example:

q("main", "foo", "bar");

=> [ div#main, span#foo, input#bar ]

Asserts that a selection matches the given IDs

t( testName, selector, [ "array", "of", "ids" ] );

Example:

t("Check for something", "//[a]", ["foo", "bar"]);

Fires a native DOM event without going through jQuery

fireNative( node, eventType )

Example:

fireNative( jQuery("#elem")[0], "click" );

Add random number to url to stop caching

url( "some/url" );

Example:

url("index.html");

=> "data/index.html?10538358428943"


url("mock.php?foo=bar");

=> "data/mock.php?foo=bar&10538358345554"

Run tests in an iframe

Some tests may require a document other than the standard test fixture, and these can be run in a separate iframe. The actual test code and assertions remain in jQuery's main test files; only the minimal test fixture markup and setup code should be placed in the iframe file.

testIframe( testName, fileName,
  function testCallback(
      assert, jQuery, window, document,
	  [ additional args ] ) {
	...
  } );

This loads a page, constructing a url with fileName "./data/" + fileName. The iframed page determines when the callback occurs in the test by including the "/test/data/iframeTest.js" script and calling startIframeTest( [ additional args ] ) when appropriate. Often this will be after either document ready or window.onload fires.

The testCallback receives the QUnit assert object created by testIframe for this test, followed by the global jQuery, window, and document from the iframe. If the iframe code passes any arguments to startIframeTest, they follow the document argument.

Questions?

If you have any questions, please feel free to ask on the Developing jQuery Core forum or in #jquery on irc.freenode.net.